如何做集成测试（集成数据库做测试）
虽然unit test单元测试可以帮助我们测试很多业务场景，但是鉴于java很多操作还是增删改差，那测试数据库上的存取操作以验证是否存入或取出想要的数据，还是很必要的。传统使用h2来做内存数据库，但缺点很多，最大的缺点应该是数据库兼容性问题。这个就不细说了，我们是用testcontainers解决方案。一个具体的示例如下：
先写一个测试用的基类
package repositories;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.TestPropertySourceUtils;
import org.testcontainers.containers.PostgreSQLContainer;
import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Container;
import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Testcontainers;
@Testcontainers
@ContextConfiguration(initializers = DatabaseTest.DataSourceInitializer.class)
public abstract class DatabaseTest {
@Container
private static final PostgreSQLContainer<?> database = new PostgreSQLContainer<>("postgres:14.4-alpine");
public static class DataSourceInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
@Override
public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
TestPropertySourceUtils.addInlinedPropertiesToEnvironment(
applicationContext,
"spring.test.database.replace=none",
"spring.datasource.url=" + database.getJdbcUrl(),
"spring.datasource.username=" + database.getUsername(),
"spring.datasource.password=" + database.getPassword()
);
}
}
}具体的一个测试类如下：
package repositories;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.Sql;
import domain.Account;
import domain.AccountRepository;
import domain.Role;
@DataJpaTest
public class AccountRepositoryTest extends DatabaseTest {
@Autowired
private AccountRepository accountRepository;
@Test
@Sql("classpath:sql/initAccount.sql")
public void shouldGetSuccess() {
Account account = accountRepository.findByUserId("1");
Assertions.assertEquals(Role.USER, account.getRole());
}
}